What makes any barbell core exercise unsafe for someone with low back pain is the person doing it.
Yup, that means YOU.
You can’t look at these core exercises from an exercise perspective. You have to see them and use them from a pain perspective.
This just means you have to stop focusing on the reps and sets and striving for progress each week and instead listen to your body and approach them based on the pain feedback you’re getting.
All of these barbell core exercises can be a great introduction to pain free core training but what changes is how your unique situation responds to doing them.
Managing this well is where long term relief happens.